Kinshasa, 04 octobre 2025 — La République démocratique du Congo a refusé, cette semaine, de signer le Cadre d’intégration économique régionale (REIF) aux côtés du Rwanda, un accord qui devait être paraphé à Washington sous l’égide des États-Unis.
Motif principal : la présence persistante des forces rwandaises sur le territoire congolais, une condition jugée incompatible avec tout engagement économique bilatéral ou régional.
Un blocage diplomatique aux répercussions régionales
Selon des informations rapportées par l’agence Reuters, citant plusieurs sources diplomatiques, la décision de Kinshasa représente un nouveau point de friction dans la mise en œuvre de l’accord de paix conclu en juin dernier, également sous la médiation américaine.
Ce texte visait à relancer la coopération régionale et à ouvrir la voie aux investissements occidentaux dans la région des Grands Lacs, particulièrement dans les secteurs stratégiques du cuivre, du cobalt, de l’or et du lithium.
Des discussions suspendues à la condition sécuritaire
Un responsable rwandais, ayant requis l’anonymat, a confirmé que le document du REIF avait bien été finalisé, mais que la signature n’a pas eu lieu.
« Les négociations se sont achevées sans paraphe. Kinshasa a décidé, à la dernière minute, de ne pas signer », a-t-il déclaré, tout en réaffirmant la confiance du Rwanda dans le processus conduit par Washington.
Un signal politique fort de Kinshasa
Pour Kinshasa, cette position traduit une volonté de lier toute coopération régionale à la question de la souveraineté territoriale. Le gouvernement congolais estime qu’aucune avancée économique ne saurait être envisagée tant que des troupes étrangères non autorisées opèrent sur son sol.
Cette décision intervient alors que les tensions restent vives entre les deux pays, la RDC accusant Kigali de soutenir activement le mouvement M23, responsable de plusieurs offensives dans l’Est du pays.
En toile de fond, une diplomatie américaine sous pression
Washington, principal médiateur dans le dossier, espérait faire du REIF un instrument de stabilité économique et politique dans la région. Le refus congolais met en lumière la fragilité du processus de paix, où la sécurité et l’économie demeurent étroitement liées.
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